Beyond Test-Time Memory: State-Space Optimal Control for LLM Reasoning

arXiv:2603.09221v2 Announce Type: replace Abstract: Associative memory has long underpinned the design of sequential models. Beyond recall, humans reason by projecting future states and selecting goal-directed actions, a capability that modern language models increasingly require but do not natively encode. While prior work uses reinforcement learning or test-time training, planning remains external to the model architecture. We formulate reasoning as optimal control and introduce the Test-Time Control (TTC) layer, which performs finite-horizon LQR planning over latent states at inference time

Source: arXiv cs.LG — read the full report at the original publisher.

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