Bridging the Stability-Expressivity Gap: Synthetic Data Scaling and Preference Alignment for Low-Resource Spoken Language Models

arXiv:2605.27383v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: Spoken Language Models (SLMs) have emerged as a promising paradigm for speech synthesis by bypassing explicit grapheme-to-phoneme pipelines. However, their effectiveness in low-resource languages remains fundamentally limited by the scarcity of transcribed speech. In practice, synthetic data has become the primary strategy for scaling SLMs in such settings, providing reliable phonetic supervision when real data is insufficient. In this work, we show that this reliance introduces a fundamental trade-off, which we term the Stability-Expressivity

Source: arXiv cs.AI — read the full report at the original publisher.

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