arXiv:2605.19848v2 Announce Type: replace Abstract: In recent years, the black-box nature of deep learning models has limited their application in high-stakes domains such as medical diagnosis and finance, where interpretability is essential. To address this, we propose a novel approach using influence functions to enhance interpretability in NLP models at both the sample and concept levels. Experiments on CEBaB and Yelp datasets show that influence functions effectively identify the most impactful training samples, both helpful and harmful, on model predictions. By adjusting the labels and we
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