Detecting Ladder Logic Bombs in IEC 61131-3 PLC Programs using ESBMC-PLC+: A Formal Verification Approach with Trigger Synthesis

arXiv:2607.08417v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: A Ladder Logic Bomb (LLB) is malicious control logic in a Programmable Logic Controller (PLC) program that lies dormant until a trigger activates a payload to manipulate actuators, forge sensor readings, or deny operator control. We observe that real malicious logic hides inside function-block bodies, which existing ladder-diagram verifiers drop from their intermediate representation (IR), making bombs invisible to provers. We present ESBMC-LLB, which uses ESBMC-PLC+ as its verification engine and adds a modeling layer that exposes function-block

Source: arXiv cs.CL — read the full report at the original publisher.

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