arXiv:2605.27788v1 Announce Type: new Abstract: Humans know when to reach for help e.g. $347 \times 28$ warrants a calculator while $2+2$ does not. Language models do not. Prompt-based approaches can instruct a model when to invoke tools, but this scaffolding does not teach it to recognize the boundary of its own knowledge. RL approaches that assign a single outcome reward to the whole trajectory fare no better: trajectory-level credit cannot isolate which tool call in a successful episode actually helped, nor penalize unnecessary calls. We propose \textbf{CARL} (\textbf{C}ompetence-\textbf{A}
Source: arXiv cs.LG — read the full report at the original publisher.
