arXiv:2505.08908v3 Announce Type: replace-cross Abstract: Many researchers apply classical statistical decision theory to evaluate treatment choices and learn optimal policies. However, because this framework relies solely on realized outcomes under chosen actions and ignores counterfactuals, it cannot assess the quality of a decision relative to feasible alternatives at the unit level, which is an important requirement in some settings. For example, in pretrial bail decisions, a judge must balance crime prevention upon release against the risk of imposing unnecessary burdens on arrestees. A c
Source: arXiv cs.LG — read the full report at the original publisher.