Adversarial Vulnerability Under Temporal Concept Drift: A Longitudinal Study of Android Malware Detection

arXiv:2605.23623v1 Announce Type: cross Abstract: We present a longitudinal, drift-aware evaluation of adversarial robustness across more than a decade of Android applications using static and dynamic feature representations extracted from emulator and real-device executions. The dataset is organized into yearly slices and evaluated under three deployment protocols that emulate realistic learning scenarios: (1) same-year training and testing, (2) cross-year deployment without model updates, and (3) expanding-window retraining with cumulative historical data. Across multiple classifier families