SIGNALAI·Jun 2, 2026, 4:00 AMSignal75Short term

DuetServe: Harmonizing Prefill and Decode for LLM Serving via Adaptive GPU Multiplexing

Source: arXiv cs.LG

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DuetServe: Harmonizing Prefill and Decode for LLM Serving via Adaptive GPU Multiplexing

arXiv:2511.04791v2 Announce Type: replace Abstract: Modern LLM serving systems must sustain high throughput while meeting strict latency SLOs across two distinct inference phases: compute-intensive prefill and memory-bound decode phases. Existing approaches either (1) aggregate both phases on shared GPUs, leading to interference between prefill and decode phases, which degrades Time-Between-Tokens (TBT); or (2) disaggregate the two phases across GPUs, improving latency but wasting resources through duplicated models and KV cache transfers. We present DuetServe, a unified LLM serving framework

Why this matters
Why now

The rapid scaling of LLMs has exposed significant inefficiencies in current serving architectures, driving immediate innovation to optimize resource utilization and meet growing demand for AI inference.

Why it’s important

Improving LLM serving efficiency directly impacts the cost and scalability of AI applications, making advanced AI more accessible and economically viable.

What changes

This research proposes a new framework, DuetServe, that adaptively manages GPU resources for different LLM inference phases, potentially offering more efficient and less costly LLM deployment.

Winners
  • · Cloud providers
  • · AI developers
  • · LLM serving companies
  • · GPU manufacturers
Losers
  • · Inefficient LLM serving solutions
  • · Companies with high inference costs
Second-order effects
Direct

More efficient LLM deployments will reduce operational costs for AI companies and enhance service delivery.

Second

Lower compute costs will accelerate the development and adoption of sophisticated AI models across various industries.

Third

Increased accessibility to advanced AI could democratize AI development, fostering innovation and competition at the application layer.

Editorial confidence: 90 / 100 · Structural impact: 55 / 100
Original report

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Read at arXiv cs.LG
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